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mathematics-physics-wiki/docs/en/mathematics/differential-geometry/curvature.md

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Curvature

Let \mathrm{M} be a differential manifold with \dim \mathrm{M} = n \in \mathbb{N} used throughout the section. Let \mathrm{TM} and \mathrm{T^*M} denote the tangent and cotangent bundle, V and V^* the fiber and dual fiber bundle and \mathscr{B} the tensor fiber bundle.

Curvature operator

Definition 1: the curvature operator \Omega: \Gamma(\mathrm{TM})^3 \to \Gamma(\mathrm{TM}) is defined as

\Omega(\mathbf{v}, \mathbf{w}) \mathbf{u} = [\nabla_\mathbf{v}, \nabla_\mathbf{w}] \mathbf{u} - \nabla_{[\mathbf{v}, \mathbf{w}]}\mathbf{u},

for all \mathbf{u}, \mathbf{v}, \mathbf{w} \in \Gamma(\mathrm{TM}) with [\cdot, \cdot] denoting the Lie bracket.

It then follows from the definition that the curvature operator \Omega can be decomposed.

Proposition 1: the decomposition of the curvature operator \Omega relative to a basis \{\partial_i\}_{i=1}^n of \Gamma(\mathrm{TM}) results into

\Omega(\mathbf{v}, \mathbf{w}) \mathbf{u} = v^i w^j [D_i, D_j] u^l \partial_l,

for all \mathbf{u}, \mathbf{v}, \mathbf{w} \in \Gamma(\mathrm{TM}).

??? note "Proof:"

Will be added later.

Curvature tensor

Definition 2: the Riemann curvature tensor \mathbf{R}: \Gamma(\mathrm{T}^*\mathrm{M}) \times \Gamma(\mathrm{TM})^3 \to \mathbb{K} is defined as

\mathbf{R}(\bm{\omega}, \mathbf{u}, \mathbf{v}, \mathbf{w}) = \mathbf{k}(\bm{\omega}, \Omega(\mathbf{v}, \mathbf{w}) \mathbf{u}),

for all \bm{\omega} \in \Gamma(\mathrm{T}^*\mathrm{M}) and \mathbf{u}, \mathbf{v}, \mathbf{w} \in \Gamma(\mathrm{TM}).